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3
HOW TO INSTALL YOUR SOFTWARE
Now that you have installed the WD1004A-WX1 hardware, you need to install the
software that tells your computer how to use the hardware.
Software Installation Summary
The software installation consists of the following three procedures:
Low Level Format
use either pre-selected configuration (factory default
drive table) or
dynamic configuration
Partition Hard Disk
use DOS FDISK utility program
High Level Format
use DOS FORMAT utility program
You will find it easier to install the WD1004A-WX1 software, if you first read
the complete set of instructions and determine beforehand which installation
path you are going to use. During the low level format, you decide whether to
use the pre-selected configuration or the dynamic configuration.
The pre-selected configuration uses a factory default drive table. A drive
table contains characteristics, which describe the hard disk to the computer.
The factory default drive table supplied on the WD1004A-WX1 board has the
characteristics for a 21MB drive. See Table1-1 on page 1-2.
Alternately, during the low level format, you can choose the dynamic
configuration. The dynamic configuration is a process whereby you type the disk
characteristics of your hard disk drive into the computer rather than using a
pre-set drive table.
If you use the dynamic configuration, you need to locate and enter parameters
for the drive. You will also need to decide whether to do a virtual split. Your
software installation ends by using the DOS utilities: FDISK and FORMAT.
Where the instructions require you to shift between the text in this chapter
and the Appendix, step numbers are kept consistent in both sections.
CAUTION
Do NOT start the low level format until you have a backup copy of the
information on your hard disk. This warning usually applies to previously used
hard disks.
When you have a new hard disk, you usually do not have information to backup
except in the case where your dealer installs some applications software on
your unit.
**************************************************************************
START LOW LEVEL FORMAT
**************************************************************************
Before you start, place a DOS startup diskette in your computer and turn the
power to your computer ON. Then proceed to the A> prompt.
See your DOS manual if you need help getting to the > prompt.
1. At the A> prompt, place a diskette with the Debug program
in drive A, then
Type: DEBUG
Press <Enter>
2. At the debug prompt (-),
Type: g=c800:5
Press <Enter>
3. The low level format program displays the following:
Super Bios Formatter II Rev.1.0 (C) Copyright Western
Digital Corp.1988
Current Drive is C:, Select new Drive or RETURN for current.
Go to either step 3A or step 3B.
3A. Drive C is your first drive. To remain at C
Press <Enter>
Now go to step 3C.
3B. Drive D is your second drive. To change the drive from C to D
Type: D
Press <Enter>
This changes the drive you will format. Now go to step 3C.
3C. The system displays the following:
Current Interleave is 3, Select new Interleave or
RETURN for current.
Press <Enter>
Go to either step 3D or 3E. See Appendix A for explanation
of interleave.
3D. To change the current interleave value, type a new value and
Press <Enter>
3E. To keep the current interleave value
Press <Enter>
4. The following displays:
Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
At this point you need to make a selection.
If you have a 21MB drive whose parameters are the same as those in Table 1-1,
then go to section "Use Pre-Selected Configuration."
All other drives, go to section "Use Dynamic Configuration."
**************************************************************************
USE PRE-SELECTED CONFIGURATION (21MB drive)
**************************************************************************
To use the pre-selected configuration, follow the instructions below.
4. When the prompt appears:
Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
Type: N
Press <Enter>
The following prompt appears,
Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
CAUTION
Do NOT start the low level format until you have a
backup copy of the information on your hard disk. This warning
usually applies to previously used hard disks.
When you have a new hard disk, you usually do not
have information to backup except in the case where your dealer
installs some applications software on your unit.
5. To start the format for drive C with interleave 3,
Type: Y
Press <Enter>
Then follow the instructions on your computer screen. When the format starts
several messages may appear or you may see the word "formatting..."
6. The format process takes several minutes. The pre-selected configuration
does not allow you to select to virtually split the drive.
7. At the prompt,
Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
See Appendix A section "Bad Tracks" for more information on the bad tracks
option and instructions to select the bad tracks option. Normally, you can
ignore the selection here.
To ignore the bad tracks option,
Type: N
Press <Enter>
When the format is complete, the following message displays:
Format Successful
If you have a second drive to format repeat the steps for the low level
format. When you format the second drive, be sure to follow step 3B to switch
the current drive from C to D.
Otherwise, go to section "Final Steps" in this chapter.
**************************************************************************
USE DYNAMIC CONFIGURATION
**************************************************************************
To use the dynamic configuration and enter the disk drive parameters yourself,
follow the instructions below.
4. When the prompt appears:
Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
Type: Y
Press <Enter>
The following prompt displays:
Key in disk characteristics as follows: ccc h rrr ppp ee o
where:
ccc = total number of cylinders (1-4 digits)
h = number of heads (1-2 digits)
rrr = starting reduced write current cylinder (1-4 digits)
ppp = write precomp cylinder (1-4 digits)
ee = max correctable error burst length (1-2 digits), range (5-11
bits), default 11 bits
o = ccb option byte, step rate select, (1 hex digit), range = 0 to
7, default = 5
refer to controller and drive specifications for step rates
The values for total number of cylinders, number of heads, starting reduced
write current cylinder, write precomp cylinder, and maximum correctable error
burst length which you will enter are available from your hard disk drive
manufacturer. Check the literature supplied by your hard disk drive
manufacturer for these values.
Table 3.1. Select ccb Option Byte
ccb Step Rate ccb Step Rate
0 3 msec/step 4 207 nsec/step
1 51 nsec/step 5 75 nsec/step
2 63 nsec/step 6 27 nsec/step
3 12 nsec/step 7 12 nsec/step
To determine the ccb option byte value, find the step rate from your drive
literature and compare that step rate with Table 3-1. The ccb value is the
single digit (between 0 and 7) that corresponds to your drive's step rate as
listed in Table 3-1. When in doubt, use the default ccb value of 5.
5. Enter each value separated by a space and follow the completed
entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
EXAMPLE:
For a ST 225 (Seagate model 225 hard disk drive)
Type: 615 4 616 300 11 7
Press <Enter>
After you enter these values, you have to make another choice.
-- do a virtual split
-- skip the virtual split
6. When the following prompt displays:
Are you virtually configuring the drive - answer Y/N
See Appendix A section "Virtual Split" for more information on a virtual split
and instructions to select the virtual split.
To ignore the virtual split configuration,
Type: N
Press <Enter>
The system displays the following prompt:
Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
Type: Y
Press <Enter>
Then follow the instructions on your computer screen. When the format starts
several messages may appear or you may see the word "formatting..."
7. At the prompt,
Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
See Appendix A section "Bad Tracks" for more information on the bad tracks
option and instructions to select the bad tracks option. Normally, you can
ignore the selection here.
To ignore the bad tracks option,
Type: N
Press <Enter>
When the format is complete, the following message displays:
Format Successful
If you want to format a second drive, repeat the low level format steps. When
you format the second drive, be sure to follow step 3B to switch the current
drive from C to D. Otherwise you are done with this phase of the installation
and can go to the next section, "Final Steps."
**************************************************************************
FINAL STEPS
**************************************************************************
After you complete the low level format on your hard disk drive, you need to
partition your drive and do a high level format before you can use your hard
disk for the first time. The DOS programs: FDISK and FORMAT do this.
FDISK and FORMAT are usually located on the supplemental DOS diskette.
Partition Drive
The FDISK program divides the drive into areas called partitions and prepares
your hard disk for use with an operating system, such as MS-DOS. You can select
one partition which takes up your entire disk or several partitions, each
occupying a portion of the disk. Each unit can have its own operating system.
FDISK Utility
If you just completed the low level format, the DOS diskette is in your
computer and the A> prompt is on your screen.
To partition your hard disk with FDISK, follow the instructions below.
1. Be sure that the DOS diskette with FDISK is in drive A.
2. At the A> prompt,
Type: FDISK
Press <Enter>
FDISK displays a series of menus. See your operating system manual for details.
If in doubt, use the default values.
Partition Second Disk Drive
If you have two hard disk drives or created a virtual disk on your hard disk
drive, then you must partition each drive or virtual disk.
After you partition drive C, repeat the above steps. To partition drive D,
select partition second hard disk from the menu.
High Level Format
As the final step to the software installation, you need to use the DOS FORMAT
utility, which prepares the hard disk to accept MS-DOS files.
The DOS utility program, FORMAT, will locate and mark as bad, media defects
(bad tracks). Therefore if you did not mark the tracks bad during the low level
format, this step does it for you automatically.
FORMAT Switch "/S"
FORMAT allows you to set certain "switches" which control various aspects of
the procedure. The /s switch copies the operating system from the disk in the
default drive (or the A drive) to the newly formatted disk.
This allows you to start your operating system from your hard disk.
To use the FORMAT utility and load the operating system onto your newly
installed hard disk drive, follow the steps below.
1. Make sure that the diskette with FORMAT is in drive A.
2. At the A> prompt
Type: FORMAT C:/S
Press <Enter>
Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the process. See your
operating system manual for details.
At this point your hard disk is fully initialized and the system can start DOS
from your hard disk.
High Level Format Second Disk Drive
If you partitioned your hard disk drive into more than one virtual disk, you
must format each virtual disk.
After you format drive C, repeat the above steps to format drive D, except for
the following instructions:
At the A> prompt,
Type: FORMAT D:
Press <Enter>
Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the process. See your
operating system manual for details.
You are now ready to go to the next chapter.
4
HOW TO CHECK YOUR INSTALLATION
After you completed the hardware installation, software installation, and use
the FDISK and FORMAT C:/S utilities, you are ready to start using your system.
Start System From Hard Disk
You are ready to start your system using your newly installed hard disk drive
and WD1004A-WX1 board.
Remember: You must remove the diskette from drive A or else the system will
start from drive A.
To start the system
1. Simultaneously press the <Ctrl> <Alt> <Del> keys.
2. The system should respond, several screens may flash, and
finally the C>> prompt will appear.
You may have to enter the date and time before the C>> prompt appears. This
depends on how your system is set.
Final Check
As a final check, you will start the system after the power has been turned
off.
1. Turn the computer OFF and wait 30 seconds.
2. Turn the computer power ON.
3. The system should respond, several screens may flash, and
finally the C>> prompt will appear.
You may have to enter the date and time before the C>> prompt appears. This
depends on how your system is set.
Installation Complete
You are now done. The next time you can start your system from the hard disk.
5
HOW TO HANDLE PROBLEMS
If you had a problem with your system, first re-read the instructions to be
sure that you followed them correctly. Check that you typed information EXACTLY
as instructed.
Repeat the procedure a second time to verify that you get the same error, then
check the next section, "If You Have a Problem."
If You Have a Problem
First check your physical installation. Check for reversed cables, an
overloaded system power supply, incorrect drive selection, etc.
This section lists some common problems and possible solutions to try if you
have problems when you install your controller.
PROBLEM: No response or blank screen during installation.
SOLUTION: Change cables. Do NOT use floppy cables.
PROBLEM: Winchester activity LED on front of drive is always on.
SOLUTION: Check cable connections. Check that pin 1 is connected to
pin 1 and if not reverse connection. Replace cables. Check whether
the drive has malfunctioned.
PROBLEM: "Nothing done exit" appears when you start the low level format
program.
SOLUTION: You did not press the <Y> key. Restart low level format
at step 1.
PROBLEM: "Error Reading Fixed Disk" when starting the system.
SOLUTION: DOS partition not active. See FDISK instructions in your DOS
manual.
PROBLEM: "Hard Disk Drive Not Ready" or "01" Error Code.
SOLUTION: System BIOS ROM does not support Winchester (WD1004A-WX1)
controller and drive. Update system BIOS ROM. Overloaded power
supply. Update system power supply.
PROBLEM: Error code "80" while doing the low level format.
SOLUTION: Drive select jumper on the hard disk drive unit is set incorrectly
(see Chapter 1), or the cables are backwards, i.e., Pins 1 & 34
switched or connector cables J2 & J3 switched. Also bad cables, no
power to drive, or bad drive. Correct these problems.
PROBLEM: Error code "40" or "20" appears on screen.
SOLUTION: Check cable connections. Check that pin 1 is connected to
pin 1 and if not reverse connection. Replace cables. Check whether
the drive has malfunctioned.
PROBLEM: After you do a high level format (Format C:/S), the message
"Insert disk and press ENTER." appears. The system thinks drive C
is a floppy disk drive.
SOLUTION: Computer motherboard switches are set for the incorrect number
of floppy disk drives. Check to see if RAM disk drivers are present.
PROBLEM: "Bad Track 0" using DOS 3.1.
SOLUTION: Make a config.sys file with BUFFERS=99. Reboot to load the
configuration.
PROBLEM: "Bad Track 0" using DOS 2.1. (DOS 2.1 cannot support bad tracks
beyond the 16.7 MB segment.)
SOLUTION: Upgrade system to DOS 3.1 or LATER.
PROBLEM: None of the suggestions seem to help.
SOLUTION: Call your dealer.
A
INSTALL A SECOND DRIVE ON AN EXISTING CONTROLLER
This section tells you how to install a second fixed hard disk drive on an
existing WD1004A-WX1 controller board. You do not have to remove the existing
WD1004A-WX1 controller board,but you may have to remove the fixed hard disk so
that you can remove the termination resistor. (This depends on the location of
the fixed disk and the termination resistor.)
Do not attempt to install your hardware unless you have compared your drive
against the default drive parameters on page 1-2, and set the drive number and
removed a termination resistor as explained starting on page 1-7.
This installation requires you to remove the cover from your computer. See your
computer manual for exact instructions on how to remove the cover.
You need a 34-pin hard disk control cable in a daisy chain configuration and
you also need a second 20-pin data cable.
XT hardware limits you to two fixed hard disks. If you are installing a second
drive on the WD1004A board, then the WD1004A board must be the only hard disk
controller in your system.
1. Turn your computer power switch to OFF and unplug power cord.
2. Use a screwdriver to loosen the cover screws. Then remove the computer
cover, so that you can see the expansion slots.
3. Place the new hard disk drive unit into the computer
case and mount per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
4. Look and see which expansion slot has the WD1004A board.
You may have to lift the WD1004A board out of the slot to access the
connectors.
5. Check if your existing 34-pin wide control cable is
a daisy chain cable. A daisy chain cable has 3 connectors. If the
cable is not a daisy chain cable, then remove the 34-pin wide control
cable from the WD1004A board and the existing hard disk drive unit.
You will replace this cable with a daisy chain cable in the next step.
Leave the 20-pin cable attached to the board and the drive unit.
6. Connect cables to new hard disk drive unit. Follow steps A, B, and C.
You may have to leave the fastening screws on the drive case loose to
connect the cables.
Remember: Connect Pin 1 to Pin 1. Pin 1 of the cable connector is marked and is
on the color coded edge of the cable. Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in
Figure 1-1.
A. (Omit this step if you are using an existing daisy chain cable)
Connect the 34-pin (daisy chain wide control cable) end connector
on the shorter cable section to the first hard disk drive unit's 34-pin
connector.
B. Connect the 34-pin middle connector on the shorter daisy
chain cable section to the second hard disk drive unit's 34-pin connector.
The longer cable section is unattached for now.
C. Connect the second 20-pin data cable to the second hard
disk drive unit's 20-pin connector.
7. Locate the internal 4-pin power connector(s) on your
computer. See your computer manual. You need either two internal
power connectors on your computer or you need a "Y" adapter to split
the power cable.
Connect the second drive unit to the second power connector
plug or to the"Y" adapter.
8. Connect the free end of the 34-pin (wide control cable)
connector to J1 on the controller board. Attach Pin 1 of the cable
connector to Pin 1 on the controller board.
Note: Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in Figure 1-1.
9. Connect the free end of the 20-pin data cable from the
second drive to J3 on the WD1004A controller board. Attach Pin 1 on
the cable to Pin 1 on the controller board.
10. Place extra cable lengths so that they are out of the way.
CAUTION
Do NOT pinch the cables when you arrange them inside
your computer case. Do not let the cables lay between
the cover and an internal board. Do not obstruct air
flow from fans or vents.
11. Replace the computer cover, then the power cord. Your
hardware controller installation is complete. However, your WD1004A
controller board is really a complex circuit composed of both hardware
and software, so that while the hardware installation is complete,
you still need to install the software. Proceed to Chapter 3 for the
software installation steps.
Tighten hard disk unit to computer case, if not already done so in step 3.
**************************************************************************
INTERLEAVE FACTOR
**************************************************************************
Interleave is a technique that allows the computer to read or write more than
one sector per track during a single disk rotation. Example: An interleave
factor of 3:1 means that after the disk rotates 3 times, the computer has
accessed all the information on a track.
The interleave factor is system dependent. For WD1004A-WX1 boards and XT
compatible computers an interleave factor of 3 is the default. Do not select an
interleave value less than 3 with the WD1004A-WX1 board.
**************************************************************************
VIRTUAL SPLIT
**************************************************************************
A virtual split is an "imaginary" dividing of the disk drive. When you do a
virtual format, you make one physical drive appear as two or more disks to the
system.
DOS 2.0 allows a maximum of 16 megabytes per drive and DOS 2.1 permits 32
megabytes per drive. No DOS version under 4.0 recognizes a drive greater than
32 megabytes. Therefore a 40 megabyte drive must be virtually split in order to
use all 40 megabytes.
If you have two physical hard disks, do not use the virtual split format.
Select Virtual Split
6. To select the virtual configuration for your drive, answer the prompt,
Are you virtually configuring the drive - answer Y/N
Type: Y
Press <Enter>
The following prompt displays:
Key in cylinder number for virtual drive split as vvvv...
where:vvvv = number of cylinders for drive C: (1-4 digits)
Enter the number of cylinders for drive C. (To calculate
the cylinders, see page A-11.)
Follow the completed entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
The number you entered represents the number of cylinders on drive C. The
remaining cylinders are assigned to drive D during the virtual split
process.
The system displays the following prompt:
Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
Type: Y
Press <Enter>
7. When the prompt to enter bad tracks displays, see the
section on bad tracks. When the low level format is complete, the
following message displays:
Format Successful
Do not use the low level format program on the second
"virtual" drive. The virtual drive is formatted when you select the
virtual format option. Go to section, "Final Steps," in Chapter 3.
**************************************************************************
BAD TRACKS
**************************************************************************
Because a hard disk is a physically manufactured item, it sometimes has
physical defects. Each drive manufacturer tests their drives and gives you a
bad track media list, when you purchase the drive. This bad track list is
usually located on the top of the disk drive case. Locate this list before you
answer the prompts.
7. During the format program, you are asked if you want
to map the bad tracks by the following prompt:
Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
Because of the addressing method used by DOS, marking
an entire track bad results in more than one sector being marked as
bad. Since DOS limits the number of defects that it accepts, a drive
with excessive media defects can cause the FORMAT program to terminate
with an error, "TRACK 00 BAD - DRIVE UNUSABLE."
Alternately, you can use the DOS utility program, FORMAT,
to locate and mark as bad, media defects. Therefore we recommend that
you do not mark the tracks bad; but if you decide that you want to
mark the bad tracks, follow the steps below.
Select Map Bad Tracks
To map the bad tracks,
Type: Y
The system displays the following prompt:
Key in bad track list as follows: ccc h...
where:
ccc=bad track cylinder number
h=bad track head number
Enter each value separated by a space and follow the
completed entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
EXAMPLE:
For a disk with a bad cylinder 160 on head 1 and bad
cylinder 161 on head 3
Type: 160 1 161 3
Press <Enter>
The bad tracks program displays the following prompt:
More? Y/N
To enter additional bad tracks.
Type: Y
Press <Enter>
and enter more bad tracks.
To terminate the bad tracks program,
Type: N
Press <Enter>
Then the following displays:
BAD TRACK MAP
TRACK ADDR PROBLEM
cccH USER-SUPPLIED
When the format is completed, the message displays:
Format Successful
Now go to section "Final Steps" in Chapter 3, to partition your drive and do a
high level format.
BIOS ROM Incompatibility
The following is a list of XT compatible computers which do not operate with
the Western Digital BIOS ROM because of a system BIOS incompatibility. Because
new computers are always being developed, Table A-1 may not be complete;
however, it is the best list that we have available at this time.
Table A-1. Computers Incompatible with BIOS
Computer Model
AT&T 6300
AT&T 6300T
If you have one of these computers, you must disable the BIOS ROM by placing a
jumper resistor at R23 and check that integrated circuits U7 and U8 are NOT
installed. When you do the low level format, skip the directions in this guide
and instead follow your computer manufacturer's software installation
instructions for low level formatting.
**************************************************************************
CALCULATE CYLINDER NUMBER (VIRTUAL SPLIT)
**************************************************************************
Frequently, when you do a virtual split on a drive you have the desire to
control the size of each virtual drive. In order to do this, you need to know
the number of cylinders in each drive. But since you plan to divide the drive
into only two sections, you only need to know the size of the first drive.
The size of the first disk or disk drive capacity is defined as the number of
bytes available for a disk drive. Mathematically the drive capacity is defined
as follows:
drive capacity = (#cyl)(#heads)(#sectors/track)(sector
size)
where:
# cyl = determined from the manufacturer or is calculated
for virtual drives
# heads = determined from the manufacturer
#sectors = 26 (without translation) or 17 (with translation)
sector size = 512 bytes
EXAMPLE:
To split a 50 megabyte disk drive with 615 cylinders and 6 heads into a 30
megabyte drive and a 20 megabyte drive, you need to calculate the number of
cylinders in a 30 megabyte drive.
For a 30 megabyte drive:
drive capacity = 30 megabytes = (30 megabytes) (1,048,576 bytes/ 1 megabyte)
drive capacity = 31,457,280 bytes
To calculate the number of cylinders for a drive, solve the drive capacity
formula shown above for the number of cylinders. Be sure to use the correct
units when you do your calculations.
Calculation:
(#cyl) = drive capacity
(#heads)(#sectors/track)(sector size)
For the example 30 megabyte drive with 6 heads, 26 sectors/track,
and 512 bytes/sector
(#cyl) = (30)(1,048,576)
(6)(26)(512)
= 393
Thus to split the example 50 megabyte drive into a virtual 30 megabyte drive,
enter 393 as the number of cylinders. It is not necessary to enter the number
of cylinders for the 20 megabyte drive; they are automatically calculated.
CAUTION
Do NOT run IBM Diagnostics on the first logical drive.
If you do, then you will DESTROY all information on the second
logical drive.
B
JUMPERS
The WD1004A-WX1 board has a row of jumper posts at W17 to W22 and W25 to W28.
Adding a jumper shorting plug or bar at any of these locations, selects a
hardware configurations that is different from the default value selected by
Western Digital.
Thus you can change these jumper settings to match your special hardware
configuration.
-- Jumper Functions (W17 to W22, R23, and W25 to W28)
-- The following list explains the jumper functions.
-- W17 & W18 selects factory drive tables for the first hard disk
-- W19 & W20 selects factory drive tables for the second hard disk
-- W21 and W22 select the controller and BIOS address ranges
-- R23 enables or disables the Western Digital BIOS ROM on the WD1004A
board
-- W25 and W26 always OUT
-- W27 sets the hardware interrupt (IRQ) value for the hard disk drive
-- W28 allows the controller to operate with an XT computer when the
jumper is OUT
-- Default Values
Tables B-1 through B-4 list the jumper settings. Default factory settings are
marked with a "*" symbol.
Table First Drive Second Drive Capacity Heads Cylinders
Number W17 W18 W19 W20
0 in in in in 21MB 4 612
1 out in out in 10MB 4 306
2 in out in out 10MB 2 615
3* out out out out 21MB 4 615
Table B-1. Pre-selected Drive Tables
W21 W22 Controller BIOS
out* out* 320-323 C8000-C9FFF
in out 324-327 CA000-CBFFF
out in 328-32B CC000-CDFFF
in in 32C-32F CE000-CFFFF
Table B-2 Select Controller and BIOS Ranges
R23 Select BIOS
in disable Western Digital BIOS (allows external BIOS selection)
out* enable Western Digital BIOS (selects internal BIOS)
Table B-3. Select BIOS ROM
W27 Select IRQ
in selects IRQ2
out* selects IRQ5
Table B-4. Select Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
How To Change Jumpers
To change a jumper, you need to either add or remove a tiny jumper plug or bar.
These jumper plugs or bars are not supplied by Western Digital. You need to
purchase them separately. The jumper plugs are available at most electrical
suppliers. A typical jumper plug is Berg P/N 76438-101.
Note that the factory default settings have the jumpers out (i.e., not
installed).
EXAMPLE
The WD1004A controller board is set for IRQ5. If you have a system that already
is using IRQ5>, then you will have to change the WD1004A board's IRQ value. You
do this by changing the W27 jumper setting from the default value IRQ5 to IRQ2.
See Table B-4.
To change the jumper setting to select IRQ2 rather than the default IRQ5 value,
requires that you first obtain a tiny jumper plug.
To change the jumper setting from the default value at W27 (out), take the
jumper plug and place it across the jumper posts at W27 (in).
How To Change Jumper Resistors
While the jumper positions at locations W17 to W22 and W25 to W28 contain a row
of jumper posts, the jumper position at location R23 is actually occupied by a
jumper resistor. A jumper resistor differs from a jumper post and shorting
bar/plug combination.
A jumper resistor only has a flat set of electrical connections or contact
points. You can easily identify the jumper resistor locations by the holes
which go through the controller board; whereas a jumper post and shorting
bar/plug combination actually contains metal posts that go above the board's
surface.
R23 is the only jumper resistor position on your controller board.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to change the jumper resistor at R23
unless you know how to solder electrical connections.
Contact your dealer for advice on soldering jumper resistors.
To add a jumper resistor, you can solder 24 gauge wire to the contact points at
R23.
To remove a jumper that has been soldered into place at R23, you can use a
soldering iron to remove the connection at R23 or you can cut the jumper
resistor wire using a small wire cutter.
Doc. No. 79-000368
Western Digital
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WD0043S 2/89